With winter almost upon us and forecasters predicting the coldest winter for a decade, the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is advising homeowners to prepare their homes for winter.

Cold temperatures can take their toll on our houses, both inside and out, but the RIC says it is possible to guard against damage by taking a few preventative steps before the cold snap gets underway. Roy Ilott a chartered building surveyor, and RICS spokesman says: "The outside of a house takes a battering in the winter so a realistic, 360 degree assessment of its current condition is advisable. Think roof, walls, floors, windows and doors and repair, seal or insulate where possible."

One of the main problems that can crop up in our homes during the winter months is the build up of moisture through condensation which can lead to damp and mildew as the season wears on.

As well as causing visible mould and damp patches the condensation can also be absorbed by the building's structure and can cause more deep-rooted damp problems as time passes. Mould and damp in homes can also affect health, especially in the very young, old or people with respiratory conditions.

To avoid a build-up of condensation, make sure there is adequate ventilation in the house. Try to reduce the amount of heat and moisture that is trapped in your home by checking that things like tumble dryers and shower rooms are well ventilated and open windows whenever possible to let the fresh air in (although remember to close them when you go out).

As the first line of defence against the harsh winter weather, the outside of your home is also at risk from falling temperatures, increased rainfall and winter storms so it is wise to give it a check up while the weather is still mild enough to make any necessary repairs.

The RICS advise that you check the roof and loft to make sure everything is in order. Replace any cracked roof tiles and make sure guttering is clear of any debris as overflowing gutters can cause water to run down the walls and seep into the brickwork.

It is also a good idea to check the pointing on brickwork as frost can cause cracks and damage as it freezes and thaws, but unless you are particularly handy with a trowel, get a builder to come and repair any gaps. If you have any paving or decking around the outside of your home, give it a quick once over to make sure it is in good repair. Check for any loose slabs and make sure it is well drained as puddles of water will freeze and could cause an accident. As the temperature begins to drop we will all be reaching for that thermostat, but unless your home is well insulated, it could be money down the drain.

According to the RICS, a third of heat lost in the home is through the walls so cavity wall insulation is an option worth considering. But for a less major insulation overhaul, check your doors and windows to make sure they are doing their job. If you don't have double glazing consider fitting cheaper options such as secondary glazing. Alternatively, lined curtains can help prevent heat loss.

Giving your home a quick MOT before the cold weather kicks in can help to prevent springtime being filled with major repair projects. It also means that however cold and nasty the weather gets, you know that you will have a cosy, warm place to go home to.